Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

'Crisis Stalls Globalization: Reshaping the World Economy' examines the multiple facets of the recession--from the impact on individual economies to the effect on the external accounts of the world’s lenders and borrowers--and offers a variety of suggestions for supporting a recovery and averting future crises. Several IMF studies shed light on the depth of the crisis--including a survey of the sharp drop in trade finance, along with quantitative findings about the direct and indirect costs of the financial turbulence--and debate what is to be done from several angles, including the redesign of the regulatory framework and ways to plug large data gaps to prevent future crises and aid in the creation of early warning systems. Opinion pieces discuss the shifting boundaries between the state and markets, the agenda for financial sector reform, and the governance of global financial markets. The issue also includes a historical perspective to see when restructuring the global financial architecture actually succeeds. 'People in Economics' profiles Nouriel Roubini; 'Back to Basics' looks at what makes a recession; and 'Data Spotlight' examines Latin America's debt.

Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Financial Crises --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- International economics --- Finance --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Trade finance --- Financial crises --- Banking --- Public debt --- Emerging and frontier financial markets --- International finance --- Debts, Public --- Banks and banking --- Fiscal policy --- United States

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The consumer price index (CPI) measures the rate at which the prices of consumer goods and services are changing over time. It is a key statistic for economic and social policymaking and has substantial and wide-ranging implications for governments, businesses, and households. This important and comprehensive Manual provides guidelines for statistical offices and other agencies responsible for constructing CPIs, and explains in-depth the methods that are used to calculate a CPI. It also examines the underlying economic and statistical concepts and principles needed for making choices in efficient and cost-effective ways, and for appreciating the full implications of those choices.

Investments: Commodities --- Infrastructure --- Investments: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Commodity Markets --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data --- Data Access --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- Finance --- Insurance & actuarial studies --- Price indexes --- Consumer price indexes --- Consumption --- Expenditure --- Commodities --- Economics --- Saving and investment --- Expenditures, Public --- Prices --- United States

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

'Crisis Shakes Europe: Stark Choices Ahead' looks at the harsh toll of the crisis on both Europe's advanced and emerging economies because of the global nature of the shocks that have hit both the financial sector and the real economy, and because of Europe's strong regional and global trade links. Marek Belka, Director of the IMF's European Department, writes in our lead article that beyond the immediate need for crisis management, Europe must revisit the frameworks on which the European Union is based because many have been revealed to be flawed or missing. But in many respects, one key European institution has proved its mettle—the euro. Both Charles Wyplosz and Barry Eichengreen discuss the future of the common currency. Also in this issue, IMF economists rank the current recession as the most severe in the postwar period; John Lipsky, the Fund's First Deputy Managing Director, examines the IMF's role in a postcrisis world; and Giovanni Dell'Ariccia assesses what we have learned about how to manage asset price booms to prevent the bust that has caused such havoc. In addition, we talk to Oxford economist Paul Collier about how to help low-income countries during the current crisis, while Donald Kaberuka, President of the African Development Bank, writes about how African policymakers can prepare to take advantage of a global economic recovery. 'Picture This' looks at what happens when aggressive monetary policy combats a crisis; 'Back to Basics' gives a primer on fiscal policy; and 'Data Spotlight' takes a look at the recent large swings in commodity prices.

Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Fiscal Policy --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Financial Crises --- Banking --- Monetary economics --- International economics --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Currencies --- Financial crises --- Fiscal policy --- Fiscal stimulus --- Banks and banking --- Money --- Prices --- United States

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Recovery from the deepest recession in 60 years has started. But sustaining it will require delicate rebalancing acts, both within and across countries. IMF chief economist Olivier Blanchard writes in our lead article that the turnaround will not be simple. The crisis has left deep scars that will affect both supply and demand for many years to come. This issue of F&D also looks at what’s next in the global crisis and beyond. We look at ways of unwinding crisis support, the shape of growth worldwide after the crisis, ways of rebuilding the financial architecture, and the future of reserve currencies. Jeffrey Frankel examines what’s in and what’s out in global money, while a team from the IMF’s Research Department looks at what early warning systems can be expected to deliver in spotting future problems. In our regular People in Economics profile, we speak to Nobel prize winner Daniel Kahneman, whose work led to the creation of the field of behavioral economics, and our Picture This feature gives a timeline of how the Bank of England’s policy rate has fallen to its lowest level in 300 years. Back to Basics gives a primer on monetary policy, and Data Spotlight looks at how the crisis has affected the eastern European banking system.

Banks and Banking --- Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Social Services and Welfare --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Financial Crises --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Financing Policy --- Financial Risk and Risk Management --- Capital and Ownership Structure --- Value of Firms --- Goodwill --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Monetary economics --- Banking --- Labour --- income economics --- Financial crises --- Currencies --- Early warning systems --- Labor --- Banks and banking --- Money --- Poverty --- Crisis management --- United States